Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) is designed to determine whether the utilization of folic acid, vitamins B(6) and B(12), in addition to other risk factor reducing measures, have a demonstrable effect on prevention of recurrent stroke. The entry criteria are a first-ever nondisabling stroke, the patient signs informed consent with willingness to participate and randomization to a high- or low-dose vitamin intervention regimen. Case acquisition of 3,688 individuals has been completed, half in the high-dose and the other half in the low-dose intervention arm. Follow-up is in progress and the end results are expected within the year. The Vitamins to Prevent Stroke (VITATOPS) is a parallel study based in Australia with similar goals, and, hopefully, the data from the two will be comparable and supportive.