Effects of fluoride-modified titanium surfaces on osteoblast proliferation and gene expression

Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2006 Mar-Apr;21(2):203-11.

Abstract

Purpose: The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that fluoride-modified titanium surfaces would enhance osteoblast differentiation. Osteoblast growth on a moderately rough etched fluoride-modified titanium surface (alteration in cellular differentiation) was compared to osteoblast growth on the same surface grit-blasted with titanium dioxide. The potential role of nanometer-level alterations on cell shape and subsequent differentiation was then compared.

Materials and methods: Human embryonic palatal mesenchymal (HEPM) cultures were incubated on the respective surfaces for 1, 3, and 7 days, followed by analysis for cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) -specific activity, and mRNA steady-state expression for bone-related genes (ALP, type I collagen, osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein [BSP] II, Cbfa1, and osterix) by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results: The different surfaces did not alter the mRNA expression for ALP, type I collagen, osterix, osteocalcin, or BSP II. However, Cbfa1 expression on the fluoride-modified titanium surface was significantly higher (P < .001) at 1 week. The number of cells on this surface was 20% lower than the number of cells on the surface TiO2-blasted with 25-microm particles but not significantly different from the number of cells on the surface TiO2-blasted with 125-microm particles. Cells grown on all the titanium surfaces expressed similar levels of ALP activity.

Conclusions: The results indicated that a fluoride-modified surface topography, in synergy with surface roughness, may have a greater influence on the level of expression of Cbfa1 (a key regulator for osteogenesis) than the unmodified titanium surfaces studied.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acid Etching, Dental
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Cell Adhesion / drug effects*
  • Cell Differentiation / drug effects
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible / pharmacology
  • Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / biosynthesis*
  • Fluorides / pharmacology*
  • Gene Expression / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / drug effects
  • Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
  • Osteoblasts / drug effects*
  • Osteoblasts / metabolism
  • Surface Properties
  • Titanium* / chemistry

Substances

  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible
  • Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit
  • titanium dioxide
  • Titanium
  • Fluorides