Rat paw oedema and mast cell degranulation caused by two phospholipase A2 enzymes isolated from Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus venom

J Pharm Pharmacol. 1990 Dec;42(12):846-50. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1990.tb07038.x.

Abstract

Two phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes, TMVPLA2 I and TMVPLA2 II, isolated from Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus venom (TMV) induce rat hind-paw oedema in a dose-dependent manner. This response is suppressed by pretreatment with diphenhydramine, methysergide or compound 48/80, which reduces tissue histamine content. In isolated mast cells, TMVPLA2 I and TMVPLA2 II cause concentration-, time- and calcium-dependent release of histamine and beta-glucuronidase. This effect is inhibited by disodium cromoglycate, mepacrine, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, piriprost and BW 755C, but not by aspirin or indomethacin. These observations indicate that the mast cell plays a predominant role in TMVPLA2 I- and TMVPLA2 II-induced paw oedema, and that venom PLA2 enzyme needs an intact lipoxygenase pathway to induce mast cell degranulation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Degranulation
  • Crotalid Venoms / toxicity*
  • Diphenhydramine / therapeutic use
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Edema / etiology*
  • Edema / metabolism
  • Edema / prevention & control
  • Histamine Release / drug effects
  • Mast Cells / drug effects*
  • Methysergide / therapeutic use
  • Phospholipases / toxicity*
  • Phospholipases A / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Phospholipases A / toxicity*
  • Phospholipases A2
  • Rats
  • Rats, Inbred Strains
  • Snake Venoms / toxicity*
  • p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Crotalid Venoms
  • Snake Venoms
  • p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine
  • Diphenhydramine
  • Phospholipases
  • TMVPLA2 I
  • TMVPLA2 II
  • Phospholipases A
  • Phospholipases A2
  • Methysergide