Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal, genetic neuromuscular disorders that manifests as progressive muscle wasting. Although there has been enormous progress in the studies of the molecular mechanism of muscular dystrophy, there is still no cure. Cell-based therapy is a promiseful option. This review will focus on the present status of cell-based therapy. Myoblast transfer therapy is hindered by minimal distribution of cells after injection, immune rejection, and poor cell survival. The drawback of bone marrow-derived stem cell transplantation is the low efficiency of transdifferentiation. Compared with them, the injection of postnatal muscle-derived stem cells (MDSC) results in a superior regeneration of dystrophin-expressing myofibers.