Randomized clinical trial of the effect of preoperative oral carbohydrate treatment on postoperative whole-body protein and glucose kinetics

Br J Surg. 2007 Nov;94(11):1342-50. doi: 10.1002/bjs.5919.

Abstract

Background: Preoperative oral carbohydrate (CHO) reduces postoperative insulin resistance. In this randomized trial, the effect of CHO on postoperative whole-body protein turnover was studied.

Methods: Glucose and protein kinetics ([6,6(2)H(2)]D-glucose, [(2)H(5)]phenylalanine, [(2)H(2)]tyrosine and [(2)H(4)]tyrosine) and substrate oxidation (indirect calorimetry) were studied at baseline and during hyperinsulinaemic normoglycaemic clamping before and on the first day after colorectal resection. Fifteen patients were randomized to receive a preoperative beverage with high (125 mg/ml) or low (25 mg/ml) CHO content.

Results: Three patients were excluded after the intervention, leaving six patients in each group. After surgery whole-body protein balance did not change in the high oral CHO group, whereas it was more negative in the low oral CHO group after surgery at baseline (P = 0.003) and during insulin stimulation (P = 0.005). Insulin-stimulated endogenous glucose release was similar before and after surgery in the high oral CHO group, but was higher after surgery in the low oral CHO group (P = 0.013) and compared with the high oral CHO group (P = 0.044).

Conclusion: Whole-body protein balance and the suppressive effect of insulin on endogenous glucose release are better maintained when patients receive a CHO-rich beverage before surgery.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Calorimetry
  • Carbohydrates / administration & dosage
  • Carbohydrates / pharmacology*
  • Colonic Diseases / surgery
  • Female
  • Glucose / administration & dosage
  • Glucose / pharmacokinetics*
  • Humans
  • Infusions, Intravenous
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Phenylalanine / administration & dosage
  • Phenylalanine / pharmacokinetics*
  • Postoperative Period
  • Preoperative Care
  • Rectal Diseases / surgery
  • Tyrosine / administration & dosage
  • Tyrosine / pharmacokinetics*

Substances

  • Carbohydrates
  • Tyrosine
  • Phenylalanine
  • Glucose