Dysthyroid optic neuropathy: atypical initial presentation and persistent visual loss

Orbit. 2009;28(6):354-62. doi: 10.3109/01676830903104728.

Abstract

Purpose: Dysthyroid Optic Neuropathy (DON) can lead to irreversible visual loss. We report risk features correlated with poor visual recovery despite an intensive treatment in a series of patients with DON.

Design: Retrospective analysis of a non-comparative interventional series.

Methods: Between 1997 and 2007, 300 consecutive patients with Graves' orbitopathy were seen at the Rothschild Foundation (Paris). Medical records of all consecutive patients who developed a DON were reviewed. Demographic, clinical features and visual function were collected at the time of the first onset, one month follow-up after medical and sometime surgical treatment and at the last examination. Statistical analysis (reflected as p values) gathered the significant observations into detrimental visual recovery prognostic factors for DON.

Results: Fifty-six eyes of 29 patients developed a DON. Sixteen eyes (28%) did not improve vision despite usual treatment (intravenous steroids and surgical decompression when necessary). An inferior altitudinal visual field defect (AVF, p=0.0004) and/or a lack of response to intravenous steroids boluses (p= 0.011) were related to a poor recovery.

Conclusion: DON prognosis is highly variable. Our results suggest that a non-inflammatory element, probably vascular could be involved in atypical DONs. An earlier recognition could prompt to rapid surgical treatment for these patients.

MeSH terms

  • Age of Onset
  • Decompression, Surgical
  • Evoked Potentials, Visual
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glucocorticoids / administration & dosage
  • Graves Ophthalmopathy / complications*
  • Graves Ophthalmopathy / diagnosis
  • Graves Ophthalmopathy / therapy
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Methylprednisolone / administration & dosage
  • Middle Aged
  • Optic Nerve Diseases / diagnosis
  • Optic Nerve Diseases / etiology*
  • Optic Nerve Diseases / therapy
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Vision Disorders / diagnosis
  • Vision Disorders / etiology*
  • Vision Disorders / therapy
  • Visual Acuity / physiology

Substances

  • Glucocorticoids
  • Methylprednisolone