Comparison of paroxetine and amitriptyline as adjunct to lithium maintenance therapy in bipolar depression: a reanalysis of a randomized, double-blind study

J Affect Disord. 2010 Nov;126(3):453-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2010.04.025. Epub 2010 Jun 12.

Abstract

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of adjunctive treatment with paroxetine or amitriptyline in patients with bipolar disorder who relapsed into a depressive episode during lithium maintenance therapy.

Methods: Data from a randomized, double-blind trial comparing paroxetine (N=18) or amitriptyline (N=22) as adjunctive treatment for an episode of depression during lithium maintenance therapy were reanalyzed. Only patients with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder were included. The primary endpoint was the change in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D21) from randomization to study end (week 6).

Results: There was a significant reduction of HAM-D21 total score from randomization to study end in both treatment groups. The mean change in HAM-D21 score in the paroxetine and amitriptyline groups at study end was -14.9 and -15.5 (p=0.798), and the mean HAM-D21 at study end was 8.2 vs. 9.9 (p=0.420), respectively. The patients treated with paroxetine showed a more rapid improvement with lower HAM-D21 scores between weeks 3 and 5. Tolerability was similar in both groups.

Limitations: No placebo comparator group and relatively small study sample size.

Conclusions: Adjunctive treatment with either paroxetine or amitriptyline is a viable option for breakthrough depression during lithium maintenance therapy.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Amitriptyline / administration & dosage*
  • Amitriptyline / adverse effects
  • Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / administration & dosage*
  • Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / adverse effects
  • Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / administration & dosage*
  • Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / adverse effects
  • Antimanic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Antimanic Agents / adverse effects
  • Bipolar Disorder / diagnosis
  • Bipolar Disorder / drug therapy*
  • Bipolar Disorder / psychology
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lithium Carbonate / administration & dosage*
  • Lithium Carbonate / adverse effects
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Paroxetine / administration & dosage*
  • Paroxetine / adverse effects
  • Secondary Prevention

Substances

  • Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation
  • Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic
  • Antimanic Agents
  • Amitriptyline
  • Lithium Carbonate
  • Paroxetine