Single Qdot-labeled glycosylase molecules use a wedge amino acid to probe for lesions while scanning along DNA

Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Sep 1;39(17):7487-98. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkr459. Epub 2011 Jun 11.

Abstract

Within the base excision repair (BER) pathway, the DNA N-glycosylases are responsible for locating and removing the majority of oxidative base damages. Endonuclease III (Nth), formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg) and endonuclease VIII (Nei) are members of two glycosylase families: the helix-hairpin-helix (HhH) superfamily and the Fpg/Nei family. The search mechanisms employed by these two families of glycosylases were examined using a single molecule assay to image quantum dot (Qdot)-labeled glycosylases interacting with YOYO-1 stained λ-DNA molecules suspended between 5 µm silica beads. The HhH and Fpg/Nei families were found to have a similar diffusive search mechanism described as a continuum of motion, in keeping with rotational diffusion along the DNA molecule ranging from slow, sub-diffusive to faster, unrestricted diffusion. The search mechanism for an Fpg variant, F111A, lacking a phenylalanine wedge residue no longer displayed slow, sub-diffusive motion compared to wild type, suggesting that Fpg base interrogation may be accomplished by Phe(111) insertion.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • DNA / chemistry*
  • DNA / metabolism
  • DNA Damage
  • DNA-Formamidopyrimidine Glycosylase / chemistry*
  • DNA-Formamidopyrimidine Glycosylase / metabolism
  • Deoxyribonuclease (Pyrimidine Dimer) / chemistry*
  • Deoxyribonuclease (Pyrimidine Dimer) / metabolism
  • Diffusion
  • Escherichia coli Proteins / chemistry*
  • Escherichia coli Proteins / metabolism
  • Models, Molecular
  • Osmolar Concentration
  • Phenylalanine / chemistry
  • Quantum Dots

Substances

  • Escherichia coli Proteins
  • Phenylalanine
  • DNA
  • Deoxyribonuclease (Pyrimidine Dimer)
  • NTH protein, E coli
  • Nei protein, E coli
  • DNA-Formamidopyrimidine Glycosylase
  • DNA-formamidopyrimidine glycosylase, E coli