Objective: To evaluate the orthopedic effect of presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) devices on the palatal deformities in unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCCLP) patients.
Methods: Three groups with 19 patients each were studied. All samples in groups A and B were non-syndromic UCCLP children. Group A was treated with PNAM prior to operation. Group B was untreated prior to operation. Samples in group C were normally developed nose and lip palate infants aged three months. The orthotopic palate photos before and after PNAM treatment for group A, as well as pre-operative photos of groups B and group C, were taken and measured. All statistics were analyzed using SPSS 21.0.
Results: PNAM treatment significantly increased the AW, AC, and PA of UCCLP patients (P < 0.05), whereas CPW, CWA, CWAS, CWAH, PMD, and CA significantly decreased (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed with the cases in group C (P < 0.05). The AW, CPW, CA, and PA of the patients in group B significantly increased compared with the cases in group A before PNAM treatment (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis of variance indicated that TW had no statistically significant difference among the three groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: PNAM treatment is a non-surgical early treatment for the effective improvement of palatal primary deformities in UCCLP patients.
目的: 评价鼻牙槽嵴塑形（PNAM）矫治器对单侧完全性唇腭裂患者腭部畸形的矫治效果。
方法: 研究对象分为3组，每组19例。A、B组均为非综合征单侧完全性唇腭裂患者，A组在唇腭裂手术前先行PNAM矫治，B组术前未行PNAM矫治。C组为3月龄左右鼻唇部及腭部发育正常婴儿。获取A组PNAM矫治前及PNAM矫治后唇裂术前、B组唇裂术前和C组的标准腭部模型正位照片，对模型照片进行测量。采用SPSS 21.0软件进行分析。
结果: A组PNAM矫治后与矫治前相比，患者的牙弓宽度（AW）、牙弓周长（AC）、腭部面积（PA）明显增加（P<0.05），腭部裂隙宽度（CPW）、牙槽突裂隙宽度（CWA）、牙槽突裂隙矢状向距离（CWAS）与水平向距离（CWAH）、前颌突倾斜度（PMD）、裂隙面积（CA）明显减小（P<0.05）；但与C组相比仍有差距（P<0.05）；B组AW、CPW、CA及PA较A组矫治前均明显增加（P<0.05）。多元方差分析表明，3组上颌结节间距离（TW）均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。
结论: PNAM矫治是早期有效改善患者腭部原发畸形的非手术治疗手段之一。