NSAID-avoidance education in community pharmacies for patients at high risk for acute kidney injury, upstate New York, 2011

Prev Chronic Dis. 2014 Dec 18:11:E220. doi: 10.5888/pcd11.140298.

Abstract

Introduction: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently associated with community-acquired acute kidney injury (AKI), a strong risk factor for development and progression of chronic kidney disease. Using access to prescription medication profiles, pharmacists can identify patients at high risk for NSAID-induced AKI. The primary objective of this analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of a community pharmacy-based patient education program on patient knowledge of NSAID-associated renal safety concerns.

Methods: Patients receiving prescription medications for hypertension or diabetes mellitus were invited to participate in an educational program on the risks of NSAID use. A patient knowledge questionnaire (PKQ) consisting of 5 questions scored from 1 to 5 was completed before and after the intervention. Information was collected on age, race, sex, and frequency of NSAID use.

Results: A total of 152 participants (60% women) completed both the pre- and post-intervention questionnaire; average age was 54.6 (standard deviation [SD], 17.5). Mean pre-intervention PKQ score was 3.3 (SD, 1.4), and post-intervention score was 4.6 (SD, 0.9) (P = .002). Participants rated program usefulness (1 = not useful to 5 = extremely useful) as 4.2 (SD, 1.0). In addition, 48% reported current NSAID use and 67% reported that the program encouraged them to limit their use.

Conclusion: NSAID use was common among patients at high risk for AKI. A brief educational intervention in a community pharmacy improved patient knowledge on NSAID-associated risks. Pharmacists practicing in the community can partner with primary care providers in the medical home model to educate patients at risk for AKI.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury / chemically induced
  • Acute Kidney Injury / prevention & control*
  • Aged
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / adverse effects*
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / therapeutic use
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus / drug therapy
  • Ethnicity / psychology
  • Ethnicity / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*
  • Health Literacy / statistics & numerical data
  • Health Promotion
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / drug therapy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • New York
  • Nutrition Surveys
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care
  • Patient Education as Topic / methods*
  • Pharmacies* / statistics & numerical data
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Risk Factors
  • Surveys and Questionnaires

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal