Several clinical syndromes caused by an obligate intracellular parasite Leishmania spp. subsumed under the term leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis is endemic in Turkey and the neighboring countries Iran, Iraq, and Syria. Leishmania spp. causes three main clinical forms: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral disease. The clinical forms may vary by species and/or region of acquisition. Two forms are observed in Turkey; visceral leishmaniasis and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Two cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis with different treatment regimens and a case of visseral leishmaniasis associated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis are presented in this report.