Importance of neurologic and cutaneous signs in the diagnosis of Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia

Turk J Pediatr. 2015 Sep-Oct;57(5):509-13.

Abstract

Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder caused by defects in SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a-like 1 gene (SMARCAL1). SMARCAL1 product is a helicase that has role in selective cellular proliferation. The disorder is characterized by spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with short stature, nephropathy, T cell deficiency, neurologic and cutaneous signs. Patients may have hyperpigmented skin lesions similar to café au lait spots. Symptoms and disease severity in Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia varies from patient to patient. Genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors play role on the severity of the disease. Here we report on a patient with short stature, steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome and recurrent infections. Cutaneous findings and developmental delay helped us to reach the diagnosis of Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia. A homozygous missense mutation in SMARCAL1 gene confirmed the clinical diagnosis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Arteriosclerosis / diagnosis*
  • Arteriosclerosis / genetics
  • Child, Preschool
  • DNA Helicases / genetics*
  • Homozygote
  • Humans
  • Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / diagnosis*
  • Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / genetics
  • Male
  • Mutation, Missense
  • Nephrotic Syndrome / diagnosis*
  • Nephrotic Syndrome / genetics
  • Osteochondrodysplasias / diagnosis*
  • Osteochondrodysplasias / genetics
  • Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases
  • Pulmonary Embolism / diagnosis*
  • Pulmonary Embolism / genetics
  • Skin / pathology*

Substances

  • SMARCAL1 protein, human
  • DNA Helicases

Supplementary concepts

  • Schimke immunoosseous dysplasia