Glutamoptosis: A new cell death mechanism inhibited by autophagy during nutritional imbalance

Autophagy. 2017 Jun 3;13(6):1078-1079. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1299315. Epub 2017 Mar 15.

Abstract

Glutaminolysis plays a critical role in nutrient sufficiency and cell signaling activation in mammalian cells. Unexpectedly, our recent investigations revealed that the unbalanced activation of glutaminolysis during nutritional restriction causes a particular form of apoptotic cell death, that we termed "glutamoptosis." We found that the inhibition of autophagy is a key step to allow glutamoptosis-mediated cell death. Thus, autophagy controls glutamoptosis during nutritional imbalance.

Keywords: MTORC1; SQSTM1/p62; apoptosis; autophagy; glutaminolysis; α-ketoglutarate.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis* / drug effects
  • Autophagy* / drug effects
  • Glutamine / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Ketoglutaric Acids / metabolism
  • Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 / metabolism
  • Models, Biological
  • Nutritional Status*

Substances

  • Ketoglutaric Acids
  • Glutamine
  • Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1