A Diagnostic Marker to Discriminate Childhood Apraxia of Speech From Speech Delay: II. Validity Studies of the Pause Marker

J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2017 Apr 14;60(4):S1118-S1134. doi: 10.1044/2016_JSLHR-S-15-0297.

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this 2nd article in this supplement is to report validity support findings for the Pause Marker (PM), a proposed single-sign diagnostic marker of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS).

Method: PM scores and additional perceptual and acoustic measures were obtained from 296 participants in cohorts with idiopathic and neurogenetic CAS, adult-onset apraxia of speech and primary progressive apraxia of speech, and idiopathic speech delay.

Results: Adjusted for questionable specificity disagreements with a pediatric Mayo Clinic diagnostic standard, the estimated sensitivity and specificity, respectively, of the PM were 86.8% and 100% for the CAS cohort, yielding positive and negative likelihood ratios of 56.45 (95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.15, 2763.31]) and 0.13 (95% CI [0.06, 0.30]). Specificity of the PM for 4 cohorts totaling 205 participants with speech delay was 98.5%.

Conclusion: These findings are interpreted as providing support for the PM as a near-conclusive diagnostic marker of CAS.

Publication types

  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Age of Onset
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Apraxias / classification
  • Apraxias / diagnosis*
  • Apraxias / etiology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cohort Studies
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Language Development Disorders / classification
  • Language Development Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Language Tests
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Speech Acoustics
  • Speech Articulation Tests
  • Young Adult