1 Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA and Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA and Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA and Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA and Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA and Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA and Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA and Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA and Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.