Correlations between working memory impairment and neurometabolites of prefrontal cortex and lenticular nucleus in patients with major depressive disorder

Abstract

Background: The mechanism of working memory (WM) impairment in MDD remains unclear. We aimed to find out the mechanism by using neuropsychological tests and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS).

Methods: 31 MDD patients and 31 healthy controls were recruited in our study. The WM performance and neurometabolite ratios of prefrontal cortex (PFC) and lenticular nucleus (LN) between two groups were evaluated and compared. And the correlations between abnormal neurometabolite ratios and WM dysfunction were computed.

Results: Scores of SDMT, DST(forwards), VRS and 2-back Task(accuracy rate) in MDD were lower than HCs. NAA/Cr ratios of bilateral PFC in MDD were significantly lower than HCs, while no significant differences showed in NAA/Cr ratios of LN and Cho/Cr, mI/Cr values of the bilateral PFC and LN between two groups. And for MDD patients, NAA/Cr ratios in the right PFC were positively correlated with scores of DST (Forwards).

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that depressed patients may have impairments in working memory, including phonological loop, visual-spatial sketchpad, episodic buffer and central executive. And the impairment of verbal WM and WM capacity may be associated with the abnormal neurometabolites in the right PFC.

Keywords: Lenticular necleus; Major depressive disorder; Neurometabolites; Prefrontal cortex; Working memory.