1 Respiratory Department, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
2 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, United States.
3 Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States.
4 Cardiovascular Research Foundation (CRF), New York, New York, United States.