Objective: To review the development and clinical application of ankle prosthesis.
Methods: The recent literature on ankle prosthesis design and clinical application was reviewed and analyzed.
Results: Compared with the hip and knee prostheses, the ankle prosthesis develops slowly and has been developed to the third generation. The ankle joint has a special structure of multi-axis movement. The design of the first and second generations of prostheses is not conformed to the biomechanics of the ankle. The third generation of prosthesis is more conform to the characteristics of ankle biomechanics, with high postoperative survival rate and satisfactory clinical outcome.
Conclusion: At present, the survival rate of ankle prosthesis is low, and there is still much room for improvement in biomechanics, materials, and other aspects.
目的: 综述踝关节假体发展及临床应用现状。.
方法: 查阅近年有关踝关节假体设计以及临床应用研究文献，并进行总结分析。.
结果: 相对于髋、膝关节，踝关节假体发展较缓慢，目前已发展至第 3 代。踝关节具有多轴运动的特殊结构，第 1、2 代假体设计不符合踝关节生物力学，术后松动率高，临床已淘汰。第 3 代假体更符合踝关节生物力学特点，术后生存率高，目前临床应用效果满意度高。.
结论: 踝关节假体目前仍存在生存率低等情况，在生物力学、材料等方面仍有较大改进空间，具有很大发展前景。.
Keywords: Ankle prosthesis; ankle replacement; biomechanics.