The effect of immediate implant placement on alveolar ridge preservation compared to spontaneous healing after tooth extraction: Soft tissue findings from a randomized controlled clinical trial

J Clin Periodontol. 2020 Dec;47(12):1536-1546. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13369. Epub 2020 Oct 21.

Abstract

Aim: To compare soft tissue dimensional changes and relative differences in soft and hard tissue volumes 4 months after single-tooth extraction and three different treatment modalities: spontaneous healing (SH) and alveolar ridge preservation by means of a deproteinized bovine bone mineral and a collagen matrix, with (IMPL/DBBM/CM) or without (DBBM/CM) immediate implant placement.

Materials and methods: STL files from study casts obtained at baseline and after 4 months were matched to calculate buccal soft tissue linear and volumetric changes. DICOM files from CBCTs were superimposed to STL files allowing the evaluation of soft tissue thickness at baseline and 4 months.

Results: Mean horizontal reduction accounted for 1.46 ± 0.20 (SH), 0.85 ± 0.38 (DBBM-CM) and 0.84 ± 0.30 IMPL/DBBM-CM, with no statistical differences. Soft tissue thickness had a significant mean increase of 0.95 for SH group, compared to a non-significant mean decrease for DBBM-CM (0.20) and IMPL/DBBM-CM groups (0.07).

Conclusion: A preservation technique with DBBM-CM, with or without immediate implant placement, did not reduce the horizontal linear and volumetric changes at the buccal soft tissue profile significantly at 4 months after tooth extraction when compared to spontaneous healing. This is due to a significant increase in soft tissue thickness in spontaneously healing sites.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03422458.

Keywords: STL file; alveolar ridge preservation; immediate implant placement; soft tissue changes; tooth extraction.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alveolar Bone Loss* / diagnostic imaging
  • Alveolar Bone Loss* / prevention & control
  • Alveolar Process / diagnostic imaging
  • Alveolar Process / surgery
  • Alveolar Ridge Augmentation*
  • Animals
  • Cattle
  • Humans
  • Tooth Extraction
  • Tooth Socket / diagnostic imaging
  • Tooth Socket / surgery
  • Tooth*
  • Wound Healing

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03422458