Immunogenicity and safety of hepatitis B vaccination in patients with type 2 diabetes in China: An open-label randomized controlled trial

Bingfeng Han; Wu Liu; Juan Du; Hanyu Liu; Tianshuo Zhao; Shubo Yang; Shuai Wang; Sihui Zhang; Bei Liu; Yaqiong Liu; Fuqiang Cui

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.04.058

Immunogenicity and safety of hepatitis B vaccination in patients with type 2 diabetes in China: An open-label randomized controlled trial

Vaccine. 2021 Jun 8;39(25):3365-3371. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.04.058. Epub 2021 May 13.

Authors

Bingfeng Han¹, Wu Liu², Juan Du³, Hanyu Liu¹, Tianshuo Zhao¹, Shubo Yang², Shuai Wang⁴, Sihui Zhang¹, Bei Liu³, Yaqiong Liu³, Fuqiang Cui⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
² Jingyuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Gansu, China.
³ Department of Laboratorial Science, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
⁴ Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
⁵ Department of Laboratorial Science, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: cuifuq@126.com.

PMID: 33992438
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.04.058

Abstract

Objective: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global public health challenge. Patients with diabetes are at greater risk of HBV infection than healthy people. The immunogenicity and safety of two major hepatitis B vaccines were evaluated in Chinese patients with diabetes.

Methods: In this phase IV, open-label, randomized, controlled study, participants with diabetes were randomly recruited from 6 townshiphealthcenters in Gansu Province and received either a 3-dose Saccharomyces cerevisiae recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (Group D20SC 0-1-6, n = 113) or a 3-dose Chinese hamster ovary cell (CHO) recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (Group D20CHO 0-1-6, n = 119). Healthy control groups were randomly recruited from the same 6 health centers and received 3 doses of the saccharomyces cerevisiae recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (Group ND20SC 0-1-6, n = 77). Immunogenicity, including seroconversion rate and geometric mean concentration (GMC) at 1 month after three doses of vaccination, and safety were assessed. The seroconversion rate was defined as the concentration of HBsAb ≥ 10 mIU/mL.

Results: The seroconversion rates of Group D20SC 0-1-6, Group D20CHO 0-1-6 and Group ND20SC 0-1-6 were 89.6%, 91.4% and 97.1%, respectively, in the per-protocol analysis, and these differences were not statistically significant. The antibody concentration in Group D20SC 0-1-6 (GMC = 601 mIU/mL) was lower than that of the healthy control group (GMC = 1465 mIU/mL), but no significant difference was found in the GMC between the Group D20CHO 0-1-6 (GMC = 778 mIU/mL) and Group D20SC 0-1-6. Adverse events (AEs) were comparable between groups, and no serious AEs were found in these three groups.

Conclusions: The Saccharomyces cerevisiae recombinant and CHO recombinant hepatitis B vaccines in China can induce good immunogenicity in a diabetic population, although the antibody concentration may be lower, indicating the feasibility of vaccinating a large number of diabetic patients in China with these vaccines.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Hepatitis B vaccines; Immunogenicity; Safety; Vaccination.

Publication types

Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
CHO Cells
China
Cricetinae
Cricetulus
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*
Hepatitis B Antibodies
Hepatitis B Vaccines / adverse effects
Hepatitis B* / prevention & control
Humans
Vaccination

Substances

Hepatitis B Antibodies
Hepatitis B Vaccines