A comparative of a single novice surgeon's direct anterior approach and posterior approach learning curves in total hip arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2022 May;32(4):767-774. doi: 10.1007/s00590-021-03039-4. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to compare a novice surgeon's learning curves with the direct anterior approach and posterior approach in total hip arthroplasty.

Methods: A consecutive series of 376 total hip arthroplasties performed from November 2014 to September 2019 in a level-one healthcare center by a single surgeon (V.B) were retrospectively studied. Demographic data, functional outcomes, and complications were collected and compared.

Results: Within the ranks of the patients studied, we found differences between groups with respect to dislocation rate and length of stay; these were lower in the direct anterior approach (DAA) group. The approach was not associated with an increase in complications, but rather with a decrease in the rate of dislocations and better functional outcomes at 1-year follow-up. Operative time was initially higher with this approach, but equalized during the learning curve.

Conclusion: The DAA can be safe even in the early stages of a novice surgeon's learning curve. It does not present a higher complication rate than the posterior approach, either in infection rate or in periprosthetic fractures. However, the DAA may provide greater functionality, lower dislocation rate and a shorter hospital stay. It can also be concluded that after having performed a certain number of interventions, operative time for the DAA can be comparable to that of other approaches.

Keywords: Direct anterior approach; Learning curve; Novice surgeon; Posterior approach; Total hip arthroplasty.

MeSH terms

  • Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* / adverse effects
  • Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* / methods
  • Humans
  • Joint Dislocations* / etiology
  • Learning Curve
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Postoperative Complications / prevention & control
  • Retrospective Studies