Appendiceal epithelial neoplasms including benign and malignant, are clinically rare. There were quite a lot of changings in classification systems for them and different pathological diagnostic terminologies were used, resulted in confusions of understanding and communication for both pathologists and clinicians. Basically, appendiceal epithelial neoplasms include adenoma, serrated lesion and polyps, mucinous neoplasms, carcinoma and neuroendocrine neoplasms. Appendiceal mucinous neoplasms and goblet cell carcinoma are exclusively seen in the appendix. Though some appendiceal neoplasms are similar to those in large bowl, however, the molecular mechanism is different. The classification, pathological diagnosis and clinical significance of appendiceal epithelial neoplasms were summarized based on the fifth edition of WHO classification on digestive system tumors and other related literatures.
阑尾上皮性肿瘤包括来源于阑尾黏膜上皮的良性和恶性肿瘤，临床比较少见。目前，阑尾肿瘤分类系统繁多，且不断变化，病理诊断名称不统一，给病理医师及临床医师造成很多困惑和交流障碍。阑尾上皮性肿瘤包括腺瘤、锯齿状病变和息肉、黏液性肿瘤、癌和神经内分泌肿瘤，其中阑尾黏液性肿瘤和阑尾杯状细胞腺癌是阑尾特有病变。部分阑尾肿瘤与发生于大肠的肿瘤在形态学上相似，但其分子机制不同。文章依据第5版世界卫生组织消化系统肿瘤分类，结合其他文献，对阑尾上皮性肿瘤分类、病理诊断及临床意义进行了梳理。.
Keywords: Appendiceal neoplasms; Classification; Clinical significance; Pathological diagnosis.