Laser tongue base mucosectomy is a useful diagnostic tool in the management of unknown primary cancers of the head and neck region

J Laryngol Otol. 2023 Apr;137(4):438-441. doi: 10.1017/S0022215122001311. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Abstract

Objective: Tongue base mucosectomy identified cancer in 78 per cent of cancers of unknown primary in a recent meta-analysis. The carbon dioxide laser is an alternative technique if there is no access to a robot. This study aimed to describe the steps for undertaking tongue base mucosectomy using the carbon dioxide laser and its diagnostic utility in cancers of unknown primary.

Method: This was a prospective feasibility study utilising carbon dioxide laser for tongue base mucosectomy in cancers of unknown primary. Data collected included demographic data and p16 status.

Results: There were 14 cancers of unknown primary with 86 per cent p16 positivity on immunohistochemistry. Laser tongue base mucosectomy alone identified the cancer primary in 7 of 12 (58 per cent) cancers of unknown primary among p16 positive tumours and 0 of 2 (0 per cent) among p16 negative tumours. Combining bilateral tonsillectomy with laser tongue base mucosectomy resulted in identification of the primary cancer in 8 of 12 (67 per cent) p16 positive tumours.

Conclusion: In centres without a robot, tongue base mucosectomy using the carbon dioxide laser is a viable alternative, especially in combination with bilateral tonsillectomy in p16 positive cases.

Keywords: C02 Laser; Head And Neck Cancer; Lingual Tonsil; Mucosectomy; Tongue Base; Unknown Primary.

MeSH terms

  • Head and Neck Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Humans
  • Laryngeal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Lasers
  • Neoplasms, Unknown Primary* / diagnosis
  • Neoplasms, Unknown Primary* / pathology
  • Neoplasms, Unknown Primary* / surgery
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Prospective Studies
  • Tongue / pathology
  • Tongue / surgery
  • Tongue Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Tongue Neoplasms* / surgery