Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a common and highly morbid medical problem resulting in elevated pulmonary arterial pressures and pulmonary vascular resistance. Medical therapies are costly, and not always well-tolerated. Surgical therapies such as pulmonary endarterectomy and lung transplantation are limited to a small subset of patients due to various patient, disease, or institutional factors. Over the past decade, there has been growing investigation into endovascular interventional therapies for patients with pulmonary hypertension such as balloon pulmonary angioplasty and pulmonary denervation. In this review, we describe the current status, future directions, and our recommendations on technical considerations with these therapies.
Keywords: Atrial septostomy; Balloon pulmonary angioplasty; Chronic thromboembolic disease; Interventional cardiology; Percutaneous therapy; Pulmonary denervation; Pulmonary hypertension; Review.
Published by Elsevier Inc.