Prevention of diabetes from prediabetes in real world setting in South India

Abstract

Aim: The aim was to explore the effect of lifestyle modification in a real world situation to prevent the progression to diabetes in India.

Methods: Participants who underwent OGTT from August 2017-2022 and were diagnosed as having Prediabetes (n = 200) were assigned into control (group1, n = 100) received standard care and intervention (group2, n = 100) received intensive counseling on physical activity (PA) and diet. PA included walking for 150 min/week and personalized advice based on the profession. OGTTs were repeated once every 6 months for 5 years and primary outcome was development of DM.

Results: The conversion rate was significantly higher in the control group than the intervention group (44.6 vs.7.9 %, p < 0.0001). Individuals who reverted back to normal was significantly higher in Group2 compared to Group1 (34.9 vs.6.2 %; p < 0.001). A significant increase in weight, BMI and waist circumference in group1 and significant reduction in glucose and HbA1c was noted in group2. Mean (95%CI) survival time for Group1 was 25.4 (20.8-29.9) and Group2 was 36.4months (32.6-40.1; p < 0.001). The factors which influenced the conversion of prediabetes to DM were averaged BMI, fasting and 2hr glucose levels of all follow up visit measurements.

Conclusion: We can prevent diabetes in individuals with prediabetes using real world strategies in India.

Keywords: India; Intervention; Prediabetes; Prevention; Type 2 diabetes.