Results of an Australian trial of an automated insulin delivery (AID) system and other studies support likely benefit of AID use for many Australian adults with type 1 diabetes

Alicia J Jenkins; Andrzej S Januszewski; Adrienne Kirby; Christel Hendrieckx; Sybil A McAuley; Melissa H Lee; Barbora Paldus; Sara Vogrin; Martin I de Bock; Mary B Abraham; Leon A Bach; Morton G Burt; Neale D Cohen; Peter G Colman; Elizabeth A Davis; D J Holmes-Walker; Joey Kaye; Anthony C Keech; Kavita Kumareswaran; Richard J MacIsaac; Roland W McCallum; Catriona M Sims; Jane Speight; Stephen N Stranks; Vijaya Sundararajan; Steven Trawley; Glenn M Ward; Timothy W Jones; David N O'Neal; Australian JDRF Closed Loop Research Group

doi:10.1111/imj.16567

Results of an Australian trial of an automated insulin delivery (AID) system and other studies support likely benefit of AID use for many Australian adults with type 1 diabetes

Intern Med J. 2025 Jan;55(1):148-153. doi: 10.1111/imj.16567. Epub 2024 Nov 27.

Authors

Alicia J Jenkins^{1

2

3

4}, Andrzej S Januszewski^{1

3

5}, Adrienne Kirby³, Christel Hendrieckx^{6

7}, Sybil A McAuley^{1

2

8

9

10}, Melissa H Lee^{1

2}, Barbora Paldus^{1

2}, Sara Vogrin¹, Martin I de Bock^{11

12}, Mary B Abraham^{13

14

15}, Leon A Bach^{8

16

17}, Morton G Burt^{17

18}, Neale D Cohen⁴, Peter G Colman¹⁹, Elizabeth A Davis^{13

14

15}, D J Holmes-Walker^{20

21}, Joey Kaye²², Anthony C Keech³, Kavita Kumareswaran⁴, Richard J MacIsaac^{1

2

23}, Roland W McCallum²⁴, Catriona M Sims¹, Jane Speight^{6

7}, Stephen N Stranks^{17

18}, Vijaya Sundararajan²⁵, Steven Trawley¹⁰, Glenn M Ward^{1

2}, Timothy W Jones^{13

14

15}, David N O'Neal^{1

2

23}; Australian JDRF Closed Loop Research Group

Collaborators

Australian JDRF Closed Loop Research Group:
Jennifer Halliday, Sienna Russell-Green, Hanafi M Husin, Philip M Clarke, Geoff R Ambler, Fergus J Cameron, Jan M Fairchild, Bruce R King

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
² Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.
³ NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
⁴ Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
⁵ Sydney Pharmacy School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
⁶ School of Psychology, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
⁷ The Australian Centre for Behavioural Research in Diabetes, Diabetes Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
⁸ Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
⁹ School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
¹⁰ Cairnmillar Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
¹¹ Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
¹² Department of Paediatrics, Te Whatu Ora, Waitaha, New Zealand.
¹³ School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
¹⁴ Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
¹⁵ Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
¹⁶ Department of Medicine (Alfred), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
¹⁷ Southern Adelaide Diabetes and Endocrine Services, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
¹⁸ College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
¹⁹ Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
²⁰ Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
²¹ Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
²² Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
²³ The Australian Centre for Accelerating Diabetes Innovations, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
²⁴ Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
²⁵ Department of Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

PMID: 39601386
DOI: 10.1111/imj.16567

Abstract

Less than 20% of Australians with type 1 diabetes (T1D) meet recommended glucose targets. Technology use is associated with better glycaemia, with the most advanced being automated insulin delivery (AID) systems, which are now recommended as gold-standard T1D care. Our Australian AID trial shows a wide spectrum of adults with T1D can achieve recommended targets. Other studies, including lived experience data, are supportive. Insulin pumps are not subsidised for most Australian adults with T1D. We advocate change.

Keywords: Advocacy; Automated insulin delivery; Clinical trial; Hybrid closed loop pump; Type 1 diabetes.

MeSH terms

Adult
Australia / epidemiology
Blood Glucose / drug effects
Blood Glucose / metabolism
Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1* / blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1* / drug therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1* / epidemiology
Female
Humans
Hypoglycemic Agents* / administration & dosage
Insulin Infusion Systems*
Insulin* / administration & dosage
Male
Middle Aged

Substances

Insulin
Hypoglycemic Agents
Blood Glucose

Abstract

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding