Telomere Length and Symptoms of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder in Children at 6-12 Years

J Atten Disord. 2025 Apr;29(6):474-485. doi: 10.1177/10870547251314923. Epub 2025 Jan 29.

Abstract

Objective: To explore the association between telomere length (TL) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children at 6-12 years.

Method: Data from 1,759 children belonging to the HELIX project cohorts and the Asturias, Gipuzkoa and Valencia cohorts of INMA project were included. TL was determined by blood sample using a PCR protocol. ADHD symptoms were described by parents using the Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised: Short Form. Multiple negative binomial regression models adjusted for potential confounders were used to estimate associations.

Results: Overall estimates showed no associations between TL and ADHD symptoms. However, we observed that a longer TL was significantly associated with a lower risk of presenting hyperactivity symptoms in children belonging to the HELIX project (IRR = 0.93, 95% CI [0.87, 0.99]; p = .022).

Conclusion: While our study did not find a consistent association between TL and ADHD symptoms across all cohorts, the significant association found within the HELIX cohort suggests that longer TL may be linked to a lower risk of hyperactivity symptoms. Further research is needed to explore this association in more detail.

Keywords: attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder; children; neurodevelopment; telomere length.

MeSH terms

  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity* / genetics
  • Child
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Telomere*