Safety and efficacy of combined intra-articular administration of vancomycin and ε-aminocaproic acid in total hip arthroplasty : a clinical study

Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the concurrent use of vancomycin and ε-aminocaproic acid (EACA) in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods: In total, 120 patients undergoing unilateral primary THA were divided into three groups: Group VE received intra-articular vancomycin and EACA; Group V received only intra-articular vancomycin; and Group E received only intra-articular EACA. Blood and joint fluids were sampled postoperatively to measure the vancomycin levels using chromatography. Blood loss and kidney function were monitored.

Results: Groups E and VE had equivalent blood loss, which was less than that in Group V. Intra-articular vancomycin levels were higher in Group VE at all intervals, with similar serum levels across the groups. Acute kidney injury, ototoxicity, and allergies were not observed, nor was a difference in rates of periprosthetic joint infection.

Conclusion: Adding intra-articular EACA to vancomycin did not affect intra-articular vancomycin levels, and maintained EACA's antifibrinolytic effects.