Effectiveness of the XBB.1.5 COVID-19 Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 Hospitalisation Among Adults Aged ≥ 65 Years During the BA.2.86/JN.1 Predominant Period, VEBIS Hospital Study, Europe, November 2023 to May 2024

Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2025 Mar;19(3):e70081. doi: 10.1111/irv.70081.

Abstract

We estimated the effectiveness of the adapted monovalent XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccines against PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 hospitalisation during the BA.2.86/JN.1 lineage-predominant period using a multicentre test-negative case-control study in Europe. We included older adults (≥ 65 years) hospitalised with severe acute respiratory infection from November 2023 to May 2024. Vaccine effectiveness was 46% at 14-59 days and 34% at 60-119 days, with no effect thereafter. The XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccines conferred protection against BA.2.86 lineage hospitalisation in the first 4 months post-vaccination.

Keywords: case–control study; elderly; severe acute respiratory infections (SARI); test‐negative design; vaccine effectiveness.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • COVID-19 Vaccines* / administration & dosage
  • COVID-19 Vaccines* / immunology
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / prevention & control
  • COVID-19* / virology
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Europe / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Hospitalization* / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Male
  • SARS-CoV-2* / immunology
  • Vaccine Efficacy*

Substances

  • COVID-19 Vaccines