A Novel 68Ga-Labeled 2-Azabicyclo[3.1.0]Hexane-3-Carbonitrile-Based Fibroblast Activation Protein-Targeted Tracer for Cancer Imaging With Positron Emission Tomography

J Labelled Comp Radiopharm. 2025 Mar;68(3):e4143. doi: 10.1002/jlcr.4143.

Abstract

Most of the reported small molecule-based fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeted radioligands are derived from UAMC1110 and contain a 4-difluoro-2-cyanopyrrolidine moiety. In this study, we investigated the effect of replacing the 4-difluoro-2-cyanopyrrolidine moiety of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 with 2-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-3-carbonitrile on the in vitro/vivo FAP-targeting capability. The newly derived 68Ga-labeled FAP-targeted tracer, [68Ga]Ga-JC02076, was obtained in 43.5 ± 10.4% decay-corrected radiochemical yield within 33.5 ± 5.8 min (n = 4). The radiochemical purity and molar activity were 97.2 ± 3.4% and 411.6 ± 232.5 GBq/μmol, respectively. Ga-JC02076 showed good binding affinity for FAP (IC50 = 29.7 ± 3.5 nM). Most importantly, [68Ga]Ga-JC02076 enabled clear visualization of HEK293T:hFAP tumor xenografts in PET images and had good tumor uptake (7.17 ± 2.19 %ID/g) and excellent tumor-to-bone (17.3 ± 6.99) and tumor-to-muscle (32.3 ± 12.5) uptake ratios at 1 h post-injection. Our data suggest that N-(4-quinolinoyl)-Gly-(2-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-3-carbonitrile) is a promising pharmacophore for the design of FAP-targeted tracers.

Keywords: azabicyclohexane; fibroblast activation protein inhibitor; gallium‐68; positron emission tomography.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Azabicyclo Compounds* / chemistry
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Endopeptidases
  • Gallium Radioisotopes* / chemistry
  • Gelatinases* / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Membrane Proteins* / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Nitriles* / chemistry
  • Positron-Emission Tomography* / methods
  • Radiopharmaceuticals* / chemical synthesis
  • Radiopharmaceuticals* / chemistry
  • Radiopharmaceuticals* / pharmacokinetics
  • Serine Endopeptidases* / metabolism
  • Tissue Distribution

Substances

  • Gallium Radioisotopes
  • fibroblast activation protein alpha
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Endopeptidases
  • Serine Endopeptidases
  • Gelatinases
  • Azabicyclo Compounds
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Gallium-68
  • Nitriles