The current applications and future directions of terlipressin

Abstract

Terlipressin is a vasopressin analog with potent splanchnic vasoconstrictor properties. It has an established role in managing portal hypertensive bleeding and hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury, with a growing body of evidence demonstrating improved safety and efficacy with continuous infusion-based administration compared to bolus dosing. We discuss previously reported adverse effects of terlipressin and evidence-based strategies to maximize the safety of administration. We also review the literature surrounding emerging indications for terlipressin in decompensated cirrhosis, particularly in the management of refractory ascites. Furthermore, we present data on novel ambulatory programs utilizing long-term continuous terlipressin infusion as bridging therapy for liver transplant candidates with recurrent hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury, diuretic-refractory ascites, or hydrothorax.

Keywords: acute variceal bleeding; decompensated cirrhosis; hepatorenal syndrome; portal hypertension; terlipressin.