Phytochemical investigation of Calophyllum polyanthum led to the isolation of six xanthones, six chromanone derivatives, one coumarin, one glycoside and one flavonoid, including two new xanthones named caledonixanthone M (1), caledonixanthone N (2) and thirteen known compounds (3-15). Among them, the structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data. Some known compounds showed potent α-glucosidase inhibitory and cytotoxic activity. Especially, compound 14 showed moderate inhibitory activities on α-glucosidase with IC50 value of 79.41 ± 0.22 µM, and compound 5 displayed anticancer effect on A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells.
Keywords: Calophyllum polyanthum; Clusiaceae; chromanone derivatives; molecular docking; xanthone; α-glucosidase.