Widespread tissue distribution of transcriptionally active, clonally expanded HIV-1 proviruses despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy

J Clin Invest. 2025 Apr 22;135(12):e190824. doi: 10.1172/JCI190824. eCollection 2025 Jun 16.

Abstract

Evidence of HIV-1 associated DNA and RNA can be found in multiple tissues despite adequate anti-retroviral therapy.

Keywords: AIDS/HIV; Infectious disease; Molecular biology; Molecular pathology; Virology.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anti-Retroviral Agents* / therapeutic use
  • DNA, Viral / genetics
  • Female
  • HIV Infections* / drug therapy
  • HIV Infections* / genetics
  • HIV Infections* / virology
  • HIV-1* / genetics
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Proviruses* / genetics
  • RNA, Viral / genetics
  • Transcription, Genetic*

Substances

  • RNA, Viral
  • DNA, Viral
  • Anti-Retroviral Agents