Generalized Adaptive Cation-Selective Interfaces Exhibiting High Stability: Integrating Transduction Materials and Uniform Ion-Selective Membranes via One-Step Fabrication

Xin Cai; Rui-Ze Xia; Shi-Hua Chen; Zi-Hao Liu; Yong-Huan Zhao; Chen-Lu Wang; Zong-Yin Song; Meng Yang; Pei-Hua Li; Xing-Jiu Huang

doi:10.1002/adma.202501749

Generalized Adaptive Cation-Selective Interfaces Exhibiting High Stability: Integrating Transduction Materials and Uniform Ion-Selective Membranes via One-Step Fabrication

Adv Mater. 2025 May 15:e2501749. doi: 10.1002/adma.202501749. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Xin Cai^{1

2

3}, Rui-Ze Xia^{1

2}, Shi-Hua Chen^{1

4}, Zi-Hao Liu^{1

2}, Yong-Huan Zhao^{1

2}, Chen-Lu Wang^{1

2}, Zong-Yin Song^{1

3}, Meng Yang^{1

3}, Pei-Hua Li^{1

3}, Xing-Jiu Huang^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, And Environmental Materials and Pollution Control Laboratory, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China.
² Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
³ Institute of Environment, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, 230088, P. R. China.
⁴ State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem, And Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.

PMID: 40370121
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202501749

Abstract

Rapidly advancing all-solid-state ion-selective electrodes are promising candidates as key components in intelligent biological and chemical sensors. Ionics sensing performance, essential for sensor stability and reliability, is influenced not only by interface compositions but by often-overlooked overall interface structures. This work develops a one-step adaptive integrated interface structure (AIIS) with high interfacial stability for analyzing general cations (K⁺, Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, and Cu²⁺), showcasing exceptional near-Nernst response across wide linear ranges. AIIS, based on cetyltrimethylammonium-regulated lipophilic molybdenum disulfide (2.0 CTA-MoS₂), forms single-piece ISM on top and bottom transduction layers over time due to THF volatilization in ISM solutions, ensuring performance adaptability. A kinetic model developed through electrochemical numerical simulation confirms the optimal theoretical stability of an AIIS based on maximum transduction layer charge current and minimal diffusion current. The mixed capacitive transduction mechanism driven by the adsorption of TFPB^- on the 2.0 CTA-MoS₂ surface is elucidated. Adaptive integrated cadmium ion-selective electrodes, as a case study, exhibit excellent interfacial stability (potential drift of 5.51 ± 0.32 µV h^-1 for 24 h and sensitivity loss rate of 4.77% for 30 days) and selectivity. This study proposes a promising strategy for constructing extendable interface structures, providing valuable insights for advancing sensor chip development.

Keywords: cation‐selective electrodes; interfaces; molybdenum disulfide; potentiometry, sensors.

Abstract

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