Association Between Body Mass Index and Age at End-Stage Renal Disease in Patients With Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease in the United States and Japan

Tatsuya Suwabe; Vicente E Torres; Lisa E Vaughan; Chuck D Madsen; Peter C Harris; Yosuke Shimada; Shinya Nakatani; Junichi Hoshino; Saori Nishio; Toshio Mochizuki; Eiichiro Kanda; Norio Hanafusa; Masanori Abe; Satoru Muto

doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2024.12.019

Association Between Body Mass Index and Age at End-Stage Renal Disease in Patients With Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease in the United States and Japan

Mayo Clin Proc. 2025 May 20:S0025-6196(24)00695-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2024.12.019. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nephrology, Toranomon Hospital Kajigaya, Kanagawa, and Okinaka Memorial Institute, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Robert M. and Billie J. Pirnie Translational PKD Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address: suwabetat@gmail.com.
² Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Robert M. and Billie J. Pirnie Translational PKD Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
³ Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
⁴ Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, and Intelligent Systems Laboratory, SECOM Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵ Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan.
⁶ Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
⁷ Department of Hemodialysis and Apheresis, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.
⁸ PKD Nephrology Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.
⁹ Department of Health Data Science, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan; Committee of Renal Data Registry, Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, Tokyo, Japan.
¹⁰ Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Committee of Renal Data Registry, Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, Tokyo, Japan.
¹¹ Committee of Renal Data Registry, Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
¹² Department of Urology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.

PMID: 40392171
DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2024.12.019

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and age at initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) of patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in the United States and Japan, 2 populations with different dietary habits and BMIs.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis using data from the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) and the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy Renal Data Registry (JRDR) to compare age, BMI, and other clinical characteristics of the patients who initiated RRT in the 2 countries between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2007.

Results: This study included 3556 patients (1877 men and 1679 women) with RRT from the USRDS (n=2491) and JRDR (n=1065). Mean ages at RRT were 56.6±13.1 years in the United States and 61.6±12.5 years in Japan (P<.001). The BMI was 28.2±7.1 kg/m² in the USRDS and 22.0±3.3 kg/m² in the JRDR (P<.001). Japanese participants were the oldest, followed in descending order by Asian Americans, White Americans, and African Americans. Japanese participants had the lowest BMI, followed in ascending order by Asian Americans, White Americans, and African Americans. Univariable and adjusted analyses found that BMI was significantly and inversely associated with age at RRT, both overall and separately in American and Japanese populations.

Conclusion: Lower BMI is significantly associated with older age at RRT in patients with ADPKD in both the United States and Japan. Japanese individuals had lower BMI and were older than US people of various ethnicities. Lower BMI in Japan is likely to be associated with a slower progression of ADPKD.