Wearable Humidity Sensor Using Cs3Cu2I5 Metal Halides with Hydroxyl Selective Phase Transition for Breath Monitoring

Biosensors (Basel). 2025 May 13;15(5):311. doi: 10.3390/bios15050311.

Abstract

The low-dimensional metal halide Cs3Cu2I5 exhibits unique electrical and chemical properties. Notably, it undergoes a phase transition to CsCu2I3 upon exposure to hydroxyl (-OH) gas, resulting in significant changes in its electrical characteristics. In this study, we developed a highly selective semiconductor-based gas sensor utilizing Cs3Cu2I5. The material was synthesized on an Al2O3 substrate with carbon electrodes using a solution-based process, enabling gas sensing based on its electrical properties. The sensor was further integrated into an Arduino-based real-time monitoring system for wearable applications. The final system was mounted onto a face mask, enabling the real-time detection of human respiration. This research presents a next-generation sensor platform for real-time respiratory monitoring, demonstrating the potential of Cs3Cu2I5 in advanced wearable bio-gas sensing applications.

Keywords: gas sensor; health care; low-dimensional metal halides; wearable device.

MeSH terms

  • Biosensing Techniques*
  • Breath Tests
  • Electrodes
  • Humans
  • Humidity
  • Phase Transition
  • Wearable Electronic Devices*