Discrepancies Between Autofluorescence Imaging Modalities in CNGB3-Associated Achromatopsia and Correlation With Ellipsoid Zone Continuity

Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2025 May 1;14(5):24. doi: 10.1167/tvst.14.5.24.

Abstract

Purpose: To explore discrepancies on fundus autofluorescence (FAF) obtained with two widely used devices in patients with CNGB3-associated achromatopsia, with respect to the central foveal signal. Secondly, to explore continuity of the foveal ellipsoid zone (EZ) in these patients.

Methods: Patients who had undergone blue (488 nm; Heidelberg Spectralis) and green (532 nm; Optos) FAF imaging during the same visit were included. The central foveal signal was graded qualitatively as brighter or darker compared to the wider foveal/parafoveal region. Optical coherence tomography images from the same visit were also graded (masked to FAF grading) with respect to foveal EZ continuity.

Results: Forty-one patients (24 females; mean age, 32 ± 19 years) were included. For blue FAF, the central foveal signal was graded darker in all cases. For green FAF, the central fovea was brighter in 11 patients (27%), indicating discordance with blue FAF. The discordant group were significantly younger (P = 0.022). The EZ line was gradable in 40 patients: 22 (55%) had continuous foveal EZ in both eyes; these were younger than those with an interrupted EZ in one or both eyes (P < 0.0001). All patients discordant for FAF images had continuous foveal EZ.

Conclusions: Discordance occurred between the FAF modalities in more than one-quarter of patients; these patients were significantly younger, and all had a continuous EZ line. Investigating mechanisms of discordance could yield pathophysiological insights.

Translational relevance: FAF platforms are not interchangeable; these findings could inform the design of natural history studies and therapeutic trials for this condition.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Child
  • Color Vision Defects* / diagnostic imaging
  • Color Vision Defects* / genetics
  • Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels* / genetics
  • Female
  • Fluorescein Angiography / methods
  • Fovea Centralis* / diagnostic imaging
  • Fovea Centralis* / pathology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Optical Imaging* / methods
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence / methods
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • CNGB3 protein, human
  • Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels