End-of-life Androgen Deprivation Syndrome With Enzalutamide in Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Case Report

Anticancer Res. 2025 Jun;45(6):2535-2538. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.17625.

Abstract

Background/aim: Enzalutamide is a highly effective anti-androgen for the treatment of prostate cancer. Therapy can incur unbearable fatigue in elderly patients, which might require a reduced dosage. However, the value of reduced-dose treatment to improve the long-term tolerability and to decrease the risk of toxicity remains unknown.

Case report: We present the six-year clinical course of a patient treated upfront with low-dose enzalutamide (25% of the standard dose). Despite initial disease control and tolerance, the patient developed progressive frailty and signs of severe androgen deprivation near end-of-life.

Conclusion: This case illustrates that while low-dose enzalutamide can provide durable disease control in elderly patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, it does not fully prevent the late-onset toxicities associated with androgen deprivation. Personalized treatment strategies - including dose adjustment over time and consideration of intermittent therapy - may help to balance efficacy with quality of life.

Keywords: Androgen deprivation; elderly; end of life; enzalutamide; index case; toxicity; treatment duration.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Androgen Antagonists* / adverse effects
  • Androgen Antagonists* / therapeutic use
  • Benzamides
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Nitriles
  • Phenylthiohydantoin* / administration & dosage
  • Phenylthiohydantoin* / adverse effects
  • Phenylthiohydantoin* / analogs & derivatives
  • Phenylthiohydantoin* / therapeutic use
  • Prostatic Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Prostatic Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant* / drug therapy
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant* / pathology
  • Quality of Life

Substances

  • Androgen Antagonists
  • Benzamides
  • enzalutamide
  • Nitriles
  • Phenylthiohydantoin