Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) in Wild Birds and a Human, British Columbia, Canada, 2024

Emerg Infect Dis. 2025 Jun;31(6):1216-1221. doi: 10.3201/eid3106.241862.

Abstract

We characterized highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b genotype D1.1 in wild birds and a human in British Columbia, Canada, during 2024. D1.1, the predominant genotype circulating in fall 2024, is a reassortment between Eurasian A3 lineage viruses, introduced to North America in 2022, and North American lineage viruses.

Keywords: British Columbia; Canada; H5N1; HPAI; Highly pathogenic avian influenza A; influenza; influenza A virus; respiratory infections; wild birds; zoonoses.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Animals, Wild* / virology
  • Birds / virology
  • British Columbia / epidemiology
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype* / classification
  • Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype* / genetics
  • Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype* / isolation & purification
  • Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype* / pathogenicity
  • Influenza in Birds* / epidemiology
  • Influenza in Birds* / virology
  • Influenza, Human* / epidemiology
  • Influenza, Human* / virology
  • Phylogeny