Enhanced-Efficiency Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells with Surface Reconstruction and Defect Passivation Induced via High-Temperature Post-Treatment

Caoyu Long; Qiming Lei; Erming Feng; Jianhui Chang; Yang Ding; Yuanji Gao; Siyuan Lu; Xinyue Wang; Hengyue Li; Junliang Yang

doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.5c00961

Enhanced-Efficiency Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells with Surface Reconstruction and Defect Passivation Induced via High-Temperature Post-Treatment

J Phys Chem Lett. 2025 Jun 19;16(24):6185-6193. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5c00961. Epub 2025 Jun 11.

Authors

Caoyu Long^{1

2}, Qiming Lei^{1

2}, Erming Feng^{1

2}, Jianhui Chang^{1

2}, Yang Ding^{1

2}, Yuanji Gao^{1

2}, Siyuan Lu^{1

2}, Xinyue Wang^{1

2}, Hengyue Li^{1

2}, Junliang Yang^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
² Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
³ State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.

PMID: 40500240
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5c00961

Abstract

Flexible perovskite solar cells (f-PSCs) have attracted much attention due to their potential to power mobile or wearable electronic products with sustainable energy. However, challenges persist in achieving dense, few-defect, and high-quality perovskite crystal films, which are essential for enhancing the efficiency and stability of f-PSCs. In this study, we develop a technique of surface reconstruction and defect passivation involving interface modification through high-temperature annealing of 4-trifluorophenylmethylammonium iodide (CF₃PMAI) to produce a dense perovskite film with large grains, few defects, and superior crystal quality. This approach leverages the dual functions of high-temperature annealing (140 °C instead of the normal temperature of 100 °C) and interface layer CF₃PMAI on perovskite recrystallization, along with the impact of CF₃PMAI defect passivation on the perovskite film. As a result, our champion rigid and flexible PSCs utilizing CF₃PMAI high-temperature annealing achieve remarkable power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 24.74% and 23.82%, respectively. Furthermore, PSC devices exhibit significantly enhanced light stability compared to those treated with a conventional annealing process.