Emerging insights into dysprosium vanadate wrapped graphene oxide nanocomposites for electrochemical detection of carbendazim in water and food samples

Selvarasu Maheshwaran; Abirami Govindharaj; Shen-Ming Chen; Elayappan Tamilalagan; Ting-Yu Liu

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.145138

Emerging insights into dysprosium vanadate wrapped graphene oxide nanocomposites for electrochemical detection of carbendazim in water and food samples

Food Chem. 2025 Jun 16:490:145138. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.145138. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Selvarasu Maheshwaran¹, Abirami Govindharaj², Shen-Ming Chen³, Elayappan Tamilalagan², Ting-Yu Liu⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan.
² Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No.1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
³ Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No.1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan. Electronic address: smchen78@ms15.hinet.net.
⁴ Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan; Center for Plasma and Thin Film Technologies & R&D Center of Biochemical Engineering Technology, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan; College of Engineering & Center for Sustainability and Energy Technologies, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan. Electronic address: tyliu0322@gmail.com.

PMID: 40532344
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.145138

Abstract

Carbendazim (CBM) is a pesticide commonly used as a fungicide to reduce infections and higher yield. However, CBM residues pose a significant environmental and health hazard, which requires the development of efficient detection methods. This study presents the synthesis of dysprosium vanadate wrapped graphene oxide (DyVO₄@GO) nanocomposite for CBM sensing and the prepared DyVO₄@GO was confirmed by XRD, XPS, FE-SEM, TEM, and EDX techniques. Obtained electrochemical results confirm that DyVO₄@GO-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) shows enhanced electron transfer, higher active surface area, and improved electrooxidation response towards CBM than the unmodified electrodes. Further, the Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) study reveals a wide linear detection range of 0.01-248.5 μM, with a limit of detection of 1.46 nM. The sensor also exhibited admirable selectivity, reproducibility, and storage stability. Finally, the CBM sensing in water and fruit samples using DyVO₄@GO showed excellent recovery, proving its potential for environmental monitoring and food safety.

Keywords: Carbendazim sensing; DyVO(4)@GO nanocomposite; Environment monitoring; Food safety analysis; Voltammetry analysis.