Discovery of 1 H-Pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine Derivatives as Highly Selective, and Orally Available ATM Inhibitors with Potent In Vivo Antitumor Activity

J Med Chem. 2025 Jul 10;68(13):13907-13934. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5c00927. Epub 2025 Jun 26.

Abstract

ATM plays a critical role in maintaining genomic stability and represents a promising antitumor target. Building upon previously reported ATR/ATM dual-target inhibitor, we rationally designed a series of 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives as highly selective ATM inhibitors. Through systematic structural optimization, compound 25a was identified as the lead candidate, exhibiting excellent kinase selectivity (>700-fold over PIKK family members) in vitro. Notably, 25a demonstrated excellent drug-like properties with an oral bioavailability of 147.6% in mice. Mechanistically, the synergistic antitumor efficacy of 25a combined with irinotecan relied on inhibition ATM pathway. In HCT116 and SW620 xenograft models, 25a combined with irinotecan demonstrated a synergistic antitumor efficacy with TGI of 79.3% and 95.4%, respectively. These findings position 25a as a novel chemosensitizer candidate for combination therapy in solid tumors.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / chemical synthesis
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / pharmacokinetics
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins* / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins* / metabolism
  • Biological Availability
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Drug Discovery
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors* / administration & dosage
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors* / chemistry
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors* / pharmacokinetics
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors* / pharmacology
  • Pyridines* / administration & dosage
  • Pyridines* / chemical synthesis
  • Pyridines* / chemistry
  • Pyridines* / pharmacokinetics
  • Pyridines* / pharmacology
  • Pyridines* / therapeutic use
  • Pyrroles* / administration & dosage
  • Pyrroles* / chemistry
  • Pyrroles* / pharmacokinetics
  • Pyrroles* / pharmacology
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins
  • Pyridines
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • ATM protein, human
  • Pyrroles