Validation of a Commercially Available IMU-Based System Against an Optoelectronic System for Full-Body Motor Tasks

Sensors (Basel). 2025 Jun 14;25(12):3736. doi: 10.3390/s25123736.

Abstract

Inertial measurement units (IMUs) have gained popularity as portable and cost-effective alternatives to optoelectronic motion capture systems for assessing joint kinematics. This study aimed to validate a commercially available multi-sensor IMU-based system against a laboratory-grade motion capture system across lower limb, trunk, and upper limb movements. Fifteen healthy participants performed a battery of single- and multi-joint tasks while motion data were simultaneously recorded by both systems. Range of motion (ROM) values were extracted from the two systems and compared. The IMU-based system demonstrated high concurrent validity, with non-significant differences in most tasks, root mean square error values generally below 7°, percentage of similarity greater than 97%, and strong correlations (r ≥ 0.77) with the reference system. Systematic biases were trivial (≤3.9°), and limits of agreement remained within clinically acceptable thresholds. The findings indicate that the tested IMU-based system provides ROM estimates statistically and clinically comparable to those obtained with optical reference systems. Given its portability, ease of use, and affordability, the IMU-based system presents a promising solution for motion analysis in both clinical and remote rehabilitation contexts, although future research should extend validation to pathological populations and longer monitoring periods.

Keywords: inertial measurement unit; kinematic analysis; range of motion; rehabilitation technology; validation study.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Biomechanical Phenomena* / physiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lower Extremity / physiology
  • Male
  • Movement / physiology
  • Range of Motion, Articular / physiology
  • Upper Extremity / physiology
  • Young Adult