How did staffing strategies change amid COVID-19 and post pandemic? A qualitative study

BMJ Open. 2025 Jun 26;15(6):e091922. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-091922.

Abstract

Objectives and design: A qualitative study was undertaken to explore the nature of staffing strategies from the perspectives of nursing, medicine and health disciplines employed in a hospital setting.

Setting: Interviews were conducted in six hospitals in Canada between November 2022 and September 2023.

Results: 118 healthcare professionals and leaders who experienced changes in staffing strategies participated in this study. Three themes emerged to describe new or adaptive staffing strategies: (1) valuing new roles and teams; (2) being redeployed; and (3) enhancing coverage.

Conclusions: Our study elucidates the staffing strategies that were employed during the COVID-19 pandemic that included creating new and adapting existing roles and teams; redeploying healthcare professionals; and enhancing coverage. Study findings can be used to guide leaders to use a proactive systematic approach to staffing models that includes adaptable and flexible staffing models within local contexts.

Keywords: HEALTH SERVICES ADMINISTRATION & MANAGEMENT; Health Services; Health Workforce; Human resource management; Organisation of health services; Quality in health care.

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • Canada / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Interviews as Topic
  • Pandemics
  • Personnel Staffing and Scheduling* / organization & administration
  • Qualitative Research
  • SARS-CoV-2