Pulmonary Embolism, Thrombectomy, and Catheter-Directed Lysis in Pregnant Woman With Fontan Palliation

JACC Case Rep. 2025 Jun 25;30(16):103959. doi: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2025.103959.

Abstract

Background: Patients with Fontan circulation are at increased risk for thrombosis, particularly during pregnancy.

Case summary: A 26-year-old woman at 10 weeks gestation with a lateral tunnel Fontan experienced acute onset of dyspnea and dizziness. Cardiac CT demonstrated an occlusive pulmonary embolism within the Fontan circulation. The patient underwent pulmonary thrombectomy and catheter-directed thrombolysis without complications. A surveillance cardiac CT 3 months after her discharge demonstrated complete resolution of the thrombus, and the patient is at baseline functional capacity.

Discussion: Patients with Fontan circulation and pregnancy have a heightened risk for both thromboembolism and bleeding; anticoagulation strategies are thus not standardized and are tailored to each individual's case.

Take-home messages: To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pulmonary embolism during the antepartum period in a patient with Fontan palliation who was subsequently treated with pulmonary thrombectomy and catheter-directed thrombolysis. Multimodality imaging evaluation was critical for rapid diagnosis and interventional planning.

Keywords: 3-dimensional imaging; Fontan; congenital heart disease; echocardiography; right-sided catheterization; thrombus.

Publication types

  • Case Reports