1 Center for Opioid Epidemiology and Policy, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 180 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA. Magdalena.cerda@nyulangone.org.
2 Center for Opioid Epidemiology and Policy, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 180 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
3 Department of Community Health, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.
4 People, Place & Health Collective, Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.
5 Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
6 Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.