PREDICTORS OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA FILTER RETRIEVAL IN A POPULATION-BASED CANADIAN COHORT

Serena Ip; Konrad Salata; Graham Roche-Nagle; Charles de Mestral; Jin Luo

doi:10.1016/j.jvsv.2025.102283

PREDICTORS OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA FILTER RETRIEVAL IN A POPULATION-BASED CANADIAN COHORT

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2025 Jun 26:102283. doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2025.102283. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Serena Ip¹, Konrad Salata², Graham Roche-Nagle³, Charles de Mestral⁴, Jin Luo⁵

Affiliations

¹ Queen's University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kingston, ON, Canada. Electronic address: serenaip02@gmail.com.
² Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
³ Division of Vascular Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: graham.roche-nagle@uhn.ca.
⁴ Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.
⁵ 5ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada.

PMID: 40581334
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2025.102283

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the predictors of inferior vena cava (IVC) filter retrieval in a contemporary North American cohort of patients who received an IVC filter.

Methods: A retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted using Ontario administrative health data. Physician service fee codes were used to identify all adults with an IVC filter placement from Jan 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019. The cumulative incidence of filter retrieval over time was calculated, accounting for death as a competing risk. Multivariable sub-distribution hazard regression models were constructed to quantify the association between covariates and the likelihood of filter retrieval.

Results: A total of 5,617 people received an IVC filter during the study period. Median follow-up was 1.8 years (interquartile range 0.2 - 5.4 years). The probability of filter retrieval plateaued under 40% with most retrievals, 96% (N = 2,049 of 2,135), occurring within 1 year of placement. Filter placement in a teaching hospital (HR 1.85, 95% CI 1.60, 2.02), and placement after 2016 were associated with a greater likelihood of filter retrieval. Older age and greater comorbidity were associated with a lower likelihood of filter retrieval.

Conclusion: In this population-based study of IVC filter retrieval, less than 40% of filters were retrieved, mostly within 1 year of insertion. Better co-ordination and standardization of services responsible for follow-up of patients with IVC filters are needed.