Background: Chordomas are rare tumours of presumptive notochordal origin, mostly occurring in the axial skeleton of the body. These tumours are slow growing but are locally invasive neoplasms. Diagnosis requires qualification of the radiological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical criteria. Management predominantly comprises surgical resection with negative margins.
Objective: Our study aimed to analyse the clinico-pathological spectrum of these rare chordoma cases visiting our tertiary care institute.
Materials and methods: The study was retrospective, comprising chordoma cases reported histopathologically between January 01, 2013, and August 31, 2023 (a total period of 10.5 years). Clinico-radiological data were recorded. Histopathological diagnosis was separately reviewed by two pathologists. All data were statistically analysed.
Results: In total, 41 chordoma cases were received, with a mean age of 43.2 + 17.4 years (6-72 years). Male:female ratio was 1.2:1. Spheno-occipital region chordomas (27 cases) were most common, followed by sacrococcygeal (8 cases) and vertebral (6 cases) chordomas. Symptoms varied with location. However, the commonest presenting complaint was pain. These region-wise chordoma categories were statistically compared in terms of patients' age, male:female ratio, symptomatic duration, tumour size, histopathological tumour type, and recurrence on follow-up. Of these, only patients' age and tumour size were found to be statistically significant (P value was 0.011 and 0.0004, respectively).
Conclusion: Clinico-pathological parameters vary with the anatomical location of chordoma. We present the experience of this rare tumour in terms of clinico-radiopathological features visiting our tertiary care institute in northern India.
Keywords: (1) Presents our experience with this rare tumour category in a tertiary care centre in northern India. (2) Clinico-pathological parameters vary with the anatomical location of chordoma. (3) Even though chordoma is a rare neoplasm, it should be considered in the differential diagnoses of the midline tumours manifesting with relevant clinical features, pertinent radiological picture, histopathological presence of tumour cells with vacuolated cytoplasm, physaliphorous cells, and abundant amount of extracellular myxoid matrix, along with the appropriate immunohistochemical profile. (4) Patients can be modestly treated with surgery with/without radiotherapy. Thus, surgical excision should be performed in all centres having technical expertise.; Chordoma; physaliphorous cells; sacrococcygeal region; skull base; spheno-occipital; vertebral.
Copyright: © 2024 Journal of The West African College of Surgeons.