Green synthesis of a urea-melamine-hexamethylenetetramine resin for efficient extraction and determination of berberine hydrochloride in Pudilan antiphlogistic oral liquid

Hui Wang; Mingyu Wang; Jinku Zhang; Di Wu; Zhezhe Qi; Xinbei Dong; Xing Zhang; Hongyuan Yan; Yehong Han

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2025.466196

Green synthesis of a urea-melamine-hexamethylenetetramine resin for efficient extraction and determination of berberine hydrochloride in Pudilan antiphlogistic oral liquid

J Chromatogr A. 2025 Jul 6:1758:466196. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2025.466196. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Hui Wang¹, Mingyu Wang², Jinku Zhang³, Di Wu⁴, Zhezhe Qi⁴, Xinbei Dong⁴, Xing Zhang⁴, Hongyuan Yan⁴, Yehong Han⁵

Affiliations

¹ Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai 054000, China.
² Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China. Electronic address: demonjue@126.com.
³ Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Early Diagnosis of Tumor in Hebei Province, Department of Pathology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding 071000, China.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
⁵ Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China. Electronic address: hanyehong@hbu.edu.cn.

PMID: 40652811
DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2025.466196

Abstract

A urea-melamine-hexamethylenetetramine resin (UMHR) was synthesized using water as the reaction medium, with hexamethylenetetramine serving as an environmentally friendly crosslinking agent in place of traditional formaldehyde. The resin was optimized as an efficient solid-phase extraction (SPE) adsorbent through optimization of synthetic parameters. A precise detection method for berberine hydrochloride in Pudilan antiphlogistic oral liquid was established by optimizing extraction parameters. The method exhibited excellent linearity, with a correlation coefficient (r ≥ 0.9998) over a concentration range of 0.40-100.0 μg/mL. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) were 0.094 μg/mL and 0.314 μg/ mL, respectively. Recoveries ranged from 87.9 % to 97.3 %, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 3.2 %. This study presents a novel and environmentally friendly analytical approach for the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine preparations.

Keywords: Berberine hydrochloride; Liquid chromatography; Pudilan antiphlogistic oral liquid; Solid-phase extraction; Urea-melamine-hexamethylenetetramine resin.