A case of papular infantile acrodermatitis was evaluated in a twenty-two month-old child. Laboratory data showed the presence of a cytolytic hepatitis associated to an increase in circulating monocytes (1.500/mm3) with hyperbasophilic cells. Hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen was detected in the serum, associated to anti-HBc antibodies of the IgM class, without detectable anti-HBs antibodies. Simultaneously, EBV serologic profiles were consistent with a primary infection. The authors review the clinical presentation of previously described cases according to their suspected cause, and discuss the etiologic role of both EBV and HBV in the hereby reported case.